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Proto-Berber *eβăḍ/*e-βăḍ 'night'

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  • Western/Kabyle
    • Tashl. iḍ pl. aḍan
    • CMB iḍ pl. iḍan
    • Kb. iḍ pl. uḍan, aḍan
  • Zenatic
    • Fig. iḍ pl. iḍan
    • Rif. iḍa 'currently'
    • Mzab iḍ pl. iyḍan
    • Ouar. iḍ pl. iyḍan
    • Foq. ayyəḍ
  • Libyan
    • Ghd. eβăḍ pl. eβăḍawăn
    • Nef. iṭ pl. iṭawən
    • Awj. ávəṭ pl. vəṭáwən
  • Southern
    • Zng. īḏ̣ pl. āḏ̣an

Notes:

It is not entirely clear whether the initial vowel is part (i.e. *eβăḍ) of the stem or simply the prefix (i.e. *e-βăḍ). In either cases, it seems clear that the prefix is the result of Pre-Proto-Berber Mid Vowel Harmony and at an earliest stages should be reconstructed as *aβăḍ, *a-βăd. The plural formation is quite difficult to reconstruct. For a discussion see Van Putten (2018: {18}).

This root has a fairly compelling cognate in Chadic, where we find roots such as Proto-Central Chadic *viɗ.

References:

Kossmann (1999: 96 {189})

Taine-Cheikh (2008: 263, n. 543)

NZ: Ḍ8


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